Acne Vulgaris

Acne vulgaris, or common acne, is indeed a common condition, affecting up to 75% of teenagers and young adults. Predominanty affecting the face, neck, back, and upper chest, acne is an inflammatory disease invloving sebaceous glands of the skin. It is characterized by papules, pustules, and comedones.

 

 

Causes and Risk Factors

 

Excess sebum production, as can occur during puberty, creates excellent condtions for growth for Propionibacterium acnes.

Exacerbating factors include:

No particular foods have been shown to cause or worsen acne.

 

 

 

 

Signs, Symptoms, and Diagnosis

 

  • history
  • physical exam
  • lab investigations
  • diagnostic imaging

History

Physical Exam

Lab Investigations

Diagnostic Imaging

 

 

 

 

 

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Pathophysiology

 

FFA and bacteria cause inflammation and a delayed hypersensitivity reaction.

Hyperkeratinization of the follicle occurs with plugging, resulting in papules and comedones

 

 

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Treatments

 

General recommendations

Do not squeeze lesions, as this can cause further inflammation and scarring.

Limit face-washing to 2-3 times a day, and avoid abrasive soaps. Use water-based cosmetics instead of oil-containing products.

 

Topical Therapy

Firstline therapies include:

 

Oral Therapy

Oral therapies may be useful for more difficult to treat acne. Options include:

 

 

 

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Consequences and Course

 

 

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The Patient

 

 

 

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Health Care Team

 

 

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Community Involvement

 

 

 

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Resources and References