Cognitive Behavioural Therapy
Does not focus on unconscious or past as much
therapist takes a more active and collaborative role
Basic premise is:
- gathering information
- response avoidance
empahasis on goal setting; patients are expected to complete homework
theoretic basis
life experience can be broken down into feelings, thoughts, and behaviours, with complex relationship between three
thoughts
our thoughts occur at three levels
automatic thoughts: quick fleeting thoughts about ourselves, others, and the world
attitudes, rules, and assumptions:
core beliefs
...
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The patient learns to recognize, through dialogue, prospective record keeping and homework, faulty thinking and unnecessary avoidance behaviours, sets goals for change, implements a progressively desensitizing manner, records and analyzes the cnecequences, and plans new steps.
Cognitive Formulation
CBT assumes there is faulty/disordered underlying thinking, including:
- helpless thinking
- catastrophizing
- all-or-nothing thinking
- selective negative thinking
- avoidance behaviours
Changing Thoughts
What are the cognitive patterns of thinking?
Let patients choose which topic to approach first, likely a smaller one to learn the ropes and generate inertia with success
Acknowledging Emotions
give people a context to help people understand why they are feeling why they feel a certain way
Choosing Actions
As people learn the skills of self-analysis, they are encouraged to set their own goals
Addressing Distortions
habitual thought patterns - that negatively alter the way a person views reality
dichotomous thinking (black-and-white) - seeing situations, people, or issues in extreme opposite terms
mind reading:
fortune telling - thinking you can predict what is going to happen (usually negative)
overgeneraliztion - "every guy I meet is a jerk"
catastrophizing -
labeling
Goals
behavioural goasl are usually at least as important as addresisng cognitions
Goals need to be SMART
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