Incretins (GLP-1 and GIP)
pancreas: glucose-dependent insulin secretion and decreased glucagon secretion
muscle and adipose tissue: increased insulin sensitivity, leading to increased glucose uptake and storage
heart: cardioprotection and increased cardiac output
liver: decreased glucose production
brain: increased neuroprotection and decreased appetite
stomach: delay gastic emptying - increased satiety and weight loss
Released from GI tract in respose to...
DPP-IV degrades GLP-1; inhibiting it increases incretin action
Incretin analogues, as well as DPP-IV inhibitors, are used as hypoglycemic agents for treatment of diabetes