Vision Loss
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Introduction
Also known as anopsia/anopia
Hemianopia
- loss of half the visual field in each eye
quadrantanopia
- loss of a quartner in other or both eyes
- homonymous - same quadrant
- heteronymous - different quadrants
unilateral blindness - problem with one eye, optic nerve
unilateral nasal hemianopsia - loss of 1/2 of the optic tract or chiasm
bitemporal heteronymous hemianopsia - loss of centre optic chiasm
- crossing fibres only destroyed
left homonymous hemianopsia - loss of right optic tract or posterior
- with macular sparing - likely problem in occipital lobe, with massive foveal representation spared somewhat
homonymous superior quadrantanopia - problem with one temporal lobe
The Case of...
Differential Diagnosis
Causes of acute vision loss include:
- glaucoma
- retinal detachment
- vitreous detachment
- amyrosis fugax
- giant cell arteritis
- temporal arteritis
- central retinal artery occlusion (cherry red fovea)
- central retinal vein occlusion (blood and thunder)
- vitreous hemorrhage (diabetes)
- optic neuropathies (neuritis, multiple sclerosis)
- stroke (binocular)
- hysteria
History and Physical Exam
- history
- physical exam
History
Physical Exam
Investigations
- lab investigations
- diagnostic imaging
Lab Investigations
Diagnostic Imaging
Management
Pathophysiology
Resources and References
Topic Development
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