Reye Syndrome
last authored: Oct 2009, Dave LaPierre
Introduction
Reye syndrome is a serious condition thought to be follow aspirin administration in children with varicella or influenza. It is characterized by acute hepatic encephalopathy and noninflammatory fatty infiltration of the kidney and liver.
The Case of...
a simple case introducing clincial presentation and calling for a differential diagnosis. To get students thinking.
Causes and Risk Factors
Pathophysiology
Pathology appears to begin in the mitochondria. This results in reduction of hepatic mitochondrial enzymes.
Signs and Symptoms
- history
- physical exam
History
Children commonly present with vomiting.
Physical Exam
Children show
- hyperventilation, tachycardia
- decerebrate posture
Investigations
- lab investigations
- diagnostic imaging
Lab Investigations
Diagnosis is by liver biopsy.
Diagnostic Imaging
Differential Diagnosis
Treatments
Prevention is important through the avoidance of ASA in children.
IV glucose should be given to replace glycogen stocks.
Fluid restriction and mannitol can be given to counteract cerebral edema.
Consequences and Course
Respiratory failure can be followed by agitated delerium, coma, and death. Mortality approaches 40%.
Resources and References
Topic Development
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