Venous Insufficiency
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Introduction
Dilated saphenous veins is one of the first signs.
Edema, RBC extravasation, and hyperpigmenation can also occur.
Disabling pain may also be present, and is classicaly relieved by elevation.
Long term venous hypertension results in induration of the dermis and subcutaneous tissue (lipodermatosclerosis)
The Case of...
a simple case introducing clincial presentation and calling for a differential diagnosis to get students thinking.
Causes and Risk Factors
Reflux, mediated by valve incompetence, leads to 80-90% of cases. Obstruction caused by malignancy, pregnancy, etc leads to 10-20%, while failure of the calf muscle pump is responsible for 1-2%.
Pathophysiology
Signs and Symptoms
- history
- physical exam
History
Physical Exam
Investigations
- lab investigations
- diagnostic imaging
Lab Investigations
Diagnostic Imaging
Differential Diagnosis
Treatments
Consequences and Course
The Case of...
Case #2 - a small story wrapping it all up and asking especially about management.
Additional Resources
Topic Development
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